In recent years, as the world's attention to sustainable development and environmental protection continues to increase, mealworm protein, as an emerging sustainable protein source, has gradually attracted widespread attention from the scientific and industrial communities. Mealworm protein is changing the traditional human perception of protein sources due to its high nutritional value, environmentally friendly characteristics and wide application prospects. This article will explore the role and potential of mealworm protein in food, agriculture, feed, biomaterials and other fields.